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Whitepaper
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The Verifiable Program Record

The information load in delegated insurance, what it costs the market, and the open specification that removes it.

Four parties to a delegated program pass self-reported bordereaux along a chain; a verifiable program record beneath binds them to the same evidence. Authority sits here Capital bears the loss MGA Underwrites TPA Adjusts claims Fronting carrier Lends its paper Reinsurer / ILS Absorbs outcome Self-reported bordereaux, reconciled on audit cycles, 30–60 days after period close A verifiable program record, shared by every party Terms bound to their fields Rows reconciled across parties Determinations replayable Provenance on every field Open spec, owned by no one
The delegated chain today, and the five properties that make a program record verifiable by a counterparty who was not in the room.
Abstract

This paper defines the verifiable program record and estimates the cost of its absence in the US delegated-authority insurance market. Motivated by the growth of US MGA premium to roughly $128 billion in 2025, of which fronting carriers support about $22.6 billion (Conning), and by the entry of InsurTech underwriters pricing on signals that capital providers cannot independently verify, this paper develops a quantitative analysis of the information load that every delegated program carries alongside its risk. In delegated-authority business, underwriting and claims authority sit with parties separated from the capital that bears the loss. The market prices this load by withholding capacity, locking collateral beyond what loss determination requires, and excluding new or small programs regardless of quality, so that the volume a broker can place is constrained below what the client's book would support. We define a verifiable program record by four properties: contract-bound terms, provenance on every row, an append-only ledger, and determinations any market can replay. We decompose these dynamics into an uncertainty margin we call the addressable information load, which we estimate at two to five points of premium, with collateral drag of one to three points and re-verification across markets of $150,000 to $400,000 per program per year. Applied to the Conning premium base, this implies an annual addressable load of $2.5 to $6.5 billion (central ≈$4 billion). Operating a verifiable record costs roughly $2,000 to $10,000 per program per year; a submission that markets can replay rather than re-audit removes an estimated 60 to 80 percent of re-verification and reduces bordereaux latency from 30 to 60 days after period close to days. The share of savings reaching policyholders depends on pass-through in each program segment, which we treat as an empirical parameter and report as a range of consumer welfare gains. We argue the record delivers these gains only if its specification is open, and we set out that specification in a companion paper.

2–5 pts
Addressable information load, as a share of premium
1–3 pts
Collateral drag, held beyond what loss determination requires
≈$4B
Central estimate of the annual US load, in a $2.5–6.5B range
60–80%
Re-verification removed when markets replay instead of re-audit

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The full paper, including the open specification and the load decomposition by segment, is available on request ahead of publication.

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